Hi Kapil,
thanks for the additional screenshots.
First of all, to be bluntly honest, I don't see any obvious things and I don't have a simple explanation. However, what I see is that in the SE16 screenshots there are only data from BUKRS 1000, while the CDS View response (in the SQL Console Data Preview) shows several other BUKRS records. Can you check if there are only 8 records when filtering the CDS view respons on BUKRS = 1000?
If that's the case, there might be an authority check on table T012K entries with that BUKRS for your user, which is "bypassed/eluded" when using the CDS view (similar situation as if you use a SELECT in a report without doing the authority check afterwards). But as mentioned it's just a guess. But you might try it out with a report and the corresponding select statements (instead of using the SQL Console / Data Preview or the SE16 ... "only the coding tells the truth" 
).
Cheers,
Jasmin